Prediksi soal TOEFL bagian Structure tahun 2022 (Part 12) + Kunci Jawaban


1. In the textile industry, the term “gunny” refers to ---burlap that is not of the best quality.

(A) not expensive a

(B) expensive, not

(C) not an expensive

(D) an inexpensive

 

答案:D

测试点定语间序.

分析短语refer to后面应接名词宾语(burlap麻布)此名词前缺冠词及形容词 (A)(C)否定词序是错误的。(B)expensive为形容词不能作宾语。

 

2. The skyscraper, ---,is an architectural form that originated in the United States.

(A) is a tall commercial structure

(B) a tall commercial structure

(C) a tall commercial structure which

(D) of which a tall commercial structure

 

答案:B

测试点同位语.

分析位于主语和系动词之间两边用逗号隔开的成份一般是后置定语或同位语答案中(B)是名词性结构可作同位语故选(B)(A)多了动词(C)(D)含从句成份.

解题要点这是典型的同位语考题当主语与谓语之间有空格且有逗号分隔应首先考虑名词同位语结构.

 

3. --- were stones piled at intervals.

(A) The earliest road markers

(B) The earliest road markers, which

(C) Road markers were the earliest

(D) Until the earliest road markers

 

答案:A

测试点主语.

分析本句有系动词而缺主语应在答案中选名词性的词组(A).

 

4. Some procedures used for laboratory analysis of archaeological specimens are --- procedures conducted in crime laboratories.

(A) resemble

(B) similar to

(C) same as

(D) alike

 

答案:B

测试点习语表语。

分析空格前为系动词are所缺为表语。应在答案中选择形容词或名词性的成份。 (B)similar to是形容词短语可作表语其后可带procedures作介词宾语故选(B)(A)是动词(C)前缺冠词the(D)alike是形容词只能作表语不能带宾语.

 

5. The windmill, which has been used for hundreds of years to pump water and grind grains, --- redesigned to produce electricity.

(A) it is now being

(B) it now can

(C) is now being

(D) now being

 

答案:C

测试点谓语被动语态.

分析本句有主语但谓语不完全应选择能与redesigned组成完整谓语的答案(C)可与redesigned构成被动语态故选(C)(A)重复主语(B)重复主语且can后应接动词原形(D)不是谓语形式。

解题要点此句含有一冗长的非限定性定语从句可忽略不读。

 

6. In 1938, when Benny Goodman’s orchestra presented a concert at the prestigious Carnegie Hall, --- was clear that jazz had at last been fully accepted.

(A) There

(B) Which

(C) And

(D) It

 

答案:D

测试点形式主语.

分析句子所缺为主语空格后为系动词+形容词+that从句说明that从句不是宾语或定语从句而是句子真正的主语所缺为形式主语故选(D)it.

 

7. --- a continuous mass of water on the Earth’s surface, all continents are islands in the strictest sense of the word.

(A) The form of the oceans

(B) Since the oceans form

(C) To form the oceans

(D) That the oceans form

 

答案:B

测试点状语从句。

分析逗号后为主句逗号前为状语从句。从句连接词、主谓语均缺应在答案中选择连接词+主语+动词的形式(B)(D)(D)That在句首为主语从句的形式而句中所缺为状语从句故选(B)

 

8. The spiral threads of a spider’s web have a sticky substance on them --- insects.

(A) traps

(B) trap its

(C) which traps

(D) which it traps

 

答案:C

测试点主谓结构.

分析空格前为完整的句子后接为定语从句修饰substance从句主、谓语均缺应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式(C)(A)(B)缺主语(D)重复主语.

 

9. --- in 1635, the Boston Latin School is the oldest public school in the United States.

(A) Founded

(B) Founding

(C) To found

(D) Having founded

 

答案:A

测试点分词短语.

分析逗号后为句子逗号前应为短语或从句答案中无从句根据句意应选择(A)过去分词短语其逻辑上的主语仍是后面句子的主语.

 

10. According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees ---, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows.

(A) facially

(B) their faces

(C) having facial

(D) they had faces

 

答案:A

测试点状语。

分析修饰动词resembled需用副词作状语(A)是副词。

 

11. The kettledrum produces different tones depending on whether --- with sticks that have felt or sponge heads.

(A) to strike

(B) when struck

(C) It is struck

(D) striking it

 

答案:C

测试点主谓结构.

分析whether引导的从句中主谓语均缺应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式(C).

 

12. --- in the latter part of the fifteenth century as a substitute for richly embroidered tapestries.

(A) Wallpaper that originated

(B) The origination of wallpaper

(C) Originated the wallpaper

(D) Wallpaper originated

 

答案:D

测试点主谓结构.

分析本名主、谓均缺应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式(D)(A)含从句成份(B)无动词(C)主谓颠倒.

 

13. --- was the first fully successful transatlantic cable finally laid.

(A) Not until 1866

(B) Until 1866, just

(C) Until 1866

(D) In 1866, not until

 

答案:A

测试点倒装句。

分析本句主语位于助动词was与过去分词laid之间句子用了倒装。应在答案中选择用于倒装句句首的副词(A)Not until.

解题要点四个答案中如有Not until应首先考虑Not until+倒装句是TOEFL常考题型.

 

14. Many of the Zuni people in the southwestern United States earn their livelihoods and achieve --- as professional artists.

(A) considered them popular

(B) considerably popular

(C) considering their popularity

(D) considerable popularity

 

答案:D

测试点宾语.

分析及物动词achieve后应接宾语应在答案中选择名词性的成分作宾语(D).

 

15. The flatter a hair appears under a microscope, --- wavier it is.

(A) although

(B) which

(C) and

(D) the

 

答案:D

测试点::冠词/“the+比较级the+比较级的结构.

分析这是TOEFL题中常见的结构看到句首的The flatter…,就应想到句中应存在另外一个the+形容词比较级的对称形式。空格后为比较级的waver缺定冠词the,故选(D).

 

16. The word “shore” can be used rather of “coast”to mean the land bordering the sea

答案:B

测试点习语.

分析In stead of是固定短语不用rather.

 

17. A radio telescope is an instrument that collects and measured faint radio waves given off by objects in space.

 

答案:C

测试点并列结构/时态一致.

分析连词and连接两个动词时其时态应一致and前为现在时的collectsand后也应用现在时measures不用过去时.

 

18. The private satellite industry sprang up in the mid-1960’s to relay not only television broadcasts but too phone calls and computer data.

 

答案:D

测试点近义词not only...but also的用法。

分析考题中常见此结构被错用。看到not only就应注意后文是否漏掉but alsotoo应为also二词不能替换.

 

19. Yosemite National Park it has many spectacular natural attractions, including Yosemite Falls,One of the world’s highest waterfalls.

 

答案:A

测试点多词.

分析本句主语为Yosemite National Park无需重复主语it多余解题要点TOEFL改错题中名词主语后面有时会现重复的代词.

 

20. During the Colonial days, the Iroquois had an agricultural economy basing mainly on corn with supplementary crops of pumpkins, beans, and tobacco.

 

答案:B

测试点词形/习语.

分析分词短语作定语修饰economy其作用相当于从句that is based mainly on…,故应用过去分词based而不用basing

解题要点base的用法为TOEFL考。

 

21. Before the retina of the eye can be examined, the pupil must to be artificially dilated.

 

答案:D

测试点情态动词.

分析To be是不定式must后应接动词原形to多余.

 

22. The most widely writer praised of the 1960’s in the United States was probably Joyce Carol Oates, who published many novels and short stories.

 

答案:A

测试点词序.

分析单个的分词修饰名词时其作用相当于一个形容词应放在名词前应为praised writer.

 

23. Unlike animals such as cows or horses, human beings are neither able to digest cellulose, the fibrous carbohydrate found in grass.

 

答案:C

测试点否定词.

分析neithernor应连用但后文无nor的部分可知neither用错应为notnot否定系动词are

 

24. At the age of 94, composer, conductor, arranger, and acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera Porgy and Bess, written in 1935.

 

答案:A

测试点近义词并列结构.

分析and要求两边连接的成份同词性同形式and一边为三个表示身份的名词另一边也应是名词acting应为actress.

 

25. In 1987 the states of ice cream in the United States amounted to fifteen quarts per year for every persons in the country.

 

答案:D

测试点数的一致.

分析every要求它所修饰的名词是单数persons应为person.

 

26. The type of precipitation is affected by electrical conditions, air temperature and the percentage of humid in the air.

 

答案:C

测试点词性.

分析of后应接名词性成分humid是形容词应为humidity.

 

27. Almost destroy by fire in 1814, the White House was rebuilt and enlarged over the next three years.

 

答案:A

测试点词形.

分析destroy是动词原形而此处应当用过去分词destroyed.

解题要点如果划线的动词后接by+名词/代词应考虑这个动词是否应为过去分词。

 

28. A flight recorder shows how aircraft systems behave by giving information such as a plane’s high, direction, and rate of descent.

 

答案:C

测试点词性并列结构.

分析名词的所有格’s后应接名词性的成份high为形容词从后文看and要求它所连接的成份同词性同形式directionrate都是名词high也应为height.

解题要点记住以下单词的名词及其形容词形式high-heightdeep-depthlong-length.

 

29. It is not unusual for ballet dancers wear out more than one pair of toe shoes during an evening’s performance.

 

答案:A

测试点形式主语缺词.

分析看到句首的形式主语it应注意后文是否出现真正的主语tothat….此处删前漏掉to

 

30. A fable is usually a short tale featuring animals or inanimate objects that can talk and think alike humans.

 

答案:D

测试点likealike的用法.

分析这两个词常在考题中错用alike是形容词或副词后面不能接名词like才是介词解题要点改错题中如出现划线的alike应首先考虑它.

 

31. The “ashcan”school in American art being a rebellion against traditional subjects and favored the painting of back-street scenes.

 

答案:B

测试点词形.

分析动词的-ing形式是非谓语形式不能单独作谓语或接表语being应为was.

 

32. When a magnet is free suspended it becomes a compass.

 

答案:B

测试点词性.

分析free是形容词而修饰动词suspended应当用副词应为freely.

 

33. Susan Sontag’s aversion to the traditional critical practice of extracting morals meaning from art is reflected in her novels.

 

答案:B

测试点词性名词的数。

分析moral既是形容词又是名词。形容词不可加s而名词作定语修饰另一个名词时也不用复数而用单数形式.

 

34. Best known for his research in statistical mechanics and meson physics, Chen Ning Yang shared the Nobel Prize in 1957 to another physicist from the United States, Tsung-dao Lee.

 

答案:C

测试点习语介词.

分析Share sth with sb是固定短语不用to.

 

35. Those electrons most closely to the nucleus are held there by electromagnetic force.

 

答案:B

测试点习语词性.

分析表示靠近的固定短语是close to不用closely.

 

36. Its tremendous output of dairy products have earned the state of Wisconsin the title of America’s Dairyland.

 

答案:C

测试点主谓数的一致.

分析主语是单数的output助动词也要与其一致用单数形式has.

 

37. The early use of a complete steel frame for towering buildings appeared in the first skyscraper, built on Chicago in 1883.

 

答案:D

测试点介词。

分析城市名Chicago前应当用介词in不用on

 

38. Some cities have a fire regulations that requires people to put smoke detectors in their houses.

 

答案:A

测试点数的一致.

分析冠词a后面应接单数名词应为regulation.

 

39. Since flounders have markings that blend with their surroundings, it can lie camouflaged on the bottom of the ocean.

 

答案:B

测试点代词数的一致.

分析代词的数应与所代名词一致此处代词指代复数的flounders不能用单数的it应为they.

解题要点注意划线代词的数与所代名词是否一致.

 

40. The determination of the path of Mars’s orbit in1609 became the unifying link among the two formerly separate realms of physics and astronomy.

 

答案:C

测试点amongbetween的用法.

分析考题中有时会出现这两个词相互用错.“两者之间要用between,“三者(或三者以上)之间才用among。后文是the two…,不能用among。应为between

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