Prediksi soal TOEFL bagian Structure tahun 2022 (Part 11) + Kunci Jawaban


1. --- a lonely and rugged life, far from home and family.

(A) Wherever the early prospector lived

(B) The early prospector lived

(C) Not only did the early prospector live

(D) The early prospector living

 

答案:B

测试点主谓结构.

分析逗号后为一短语逗号前应是句子句子主谓语均缺应在答中选择主语牛动词的形式即阗)(A)(C)为从句(D)无谓语动词.

 

2. Helium is --- all gases to liquefy and is impossible to solidify at normal air pressure.

(A) more than difficult

(B) the most difficult of

(C) more difficult of

(D) most difficult

 

答案:B

测试点最高级.

分析形容词的最高级由the+most+原级构成故选(B)解题要点见到空格后有allof all这类词出现应想到要用最高级。可在答案中首先排除含有moremore than等词的比较级形式(A)(C).

 

3. Every year Canadian --- about 75 percent of their exports to the United States.

(A) businesses that sell

(B) selling businesses

(C) businesses sell

(D) that sell to businesses

 

答案:C

测试点主谓结构.

分析本句空格前有定语而主语、谓语均缺应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式 (C)(A)(D)that从句(B)无可作谓语的动词.

 

4. An innovator, ballerina Augusta Maywood was --- a traveling company.

(A) to form the first

(B) the first to form

(C) who formed the first

(D) forming the first

 

答案:B

测试点习语词序.

分析The firstto do是固定结构表示顺序、名次TOEFL常考题型.

 

5. When water freezes in the cracks of rocks, --- expands, causing the rocks to break apart.

(A) it

(B) but

(C) then

(D) and

 

答案:A

测试点主语。

分析空格前为when引导的从句从句后应是主句。主句有谓语expands而缺主语应在答案中选择名词或代词充当主语(A)是代词其作3个均是连词或副词.

 

6. With x – ray microscopes scientists can see through live insects --- even through solid pieces of metal.

(A) however

(B) nevertheless

(C) or

(D) yet

 

答案:C

测试点连词并列结构.

分析句中有两个through引导的介词短语相并列应当用andor一类的连词将其连接故选(C).

 

7. As resident of New Mexico, Dennis Chavez --- to the House of Representatives in 1930 and to the Senate in1938.

(A) when elected

(B) elected

(C) who was elected

(D) was elected

 

答案:D

测试点谓语/习语.

分析elect是考题中常出现的词本句有主语而缺谓语应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词(B)(D)be elected to+职务是固定短语故选被动语态的(D)

 

8. --- are not leached out of soil, reclamation procedures are needed to restore the land’s productivity.

(A) For concentrations of salt

(B) Salt concentrations that

(C) If salt concentrations

(D) With concentrations of salt

 

答案:C

测试点状语从句.

分析逗号后为完整的句子逗号前可能是短语或从句空格后有are not leached的谓语部分可见这里是从句而非短语从句缺主语及连接词应在答案中选择连接词+主语的形式(C).

 

9. --- social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams’enthusiasm more than the expansion of educational facilities for immigrants to the United States.

(A) No

(B) Nothing

(C) Not

(D) None

 

答案:A

测试点否定词.

分析空格处为定语修饰名词crusade应当选择形容词4答案中只有(A)No是形容词。(B)是名词或副词(C)是副词(D)是代词。解题要点否定词应用noof是副词nonot混淆是TOEFL常考题型.

 

10. --- as 2500 B.C., the Egyptians used mirrors made of highly polished metal.

(A) In early

(B) As early

(C) Early

(D) Was as early

 

答案:B

测试点asas结构.

分析asas的连用有时可以表示强调看到空格后出现as就应在答案中寻找含有另一个as的形式(B)(D)逗号后为完整的句子逗号前为其状语故排除含有动词的(D)(B)此句意为早至公元前2500.

 

11. The quantum theory states ---, such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or photons.

(A) energy that

(B) that it is energy

(C) it is energy

(D) that energy

 

答案:D

测试点宾语从句。

分析states后为宾语从句从句有谓语is given而缺主语和连接词应在答案中选择连接词+主语的形式(D)解题要点遇到宾语从句在答案中可先看以that开头的形式.

 

12. Quails typically have short rounded wings that enable --- spring into full flight instatly when disturbed in their hiding places.

(A) they

(B) to their

(C) its

(D) them to

 

答案:D

测试点习语.

分析Enable sbto do是固定短语故选(D).

 

13. Geysers are found near rivers and lakes, where water drains through the soil ---.

(A) surface below the deep

(B) deep below the surface

(C) the deep below surface

(D) the deep surface below

 

答案:B

测试点词序。

分析deep为副词修饰后面的介词短语below the surface(A)(C)语序错误(D)中心词是surface为名词词组与句意不合.

 

14. Algebra generalizes certain basic laws ---the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of all numbers.

(A) govern

(B) that govern

(C) have governed

(D) which they govern

 

答案:B

测试点主谓结构。

分析空格前为主句空格及其后部分为修饰laws的定语从句。从句主语谓语均缺应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式(B).

 

15. Even at low levels, ---.

(A) the nervous system has produced detrimental effects by lead

(B) lead’s detrimental effects are producing the nervous system

(C) lead produces detrimental effects on the nervous system

(D) the detrimental effects produced by lead on the nervous system

 

答案:C

测试点主语一致.

分析空格前只有短语作状语缺整个句子短语的逻辑主语应与句子主语一致短语说的是lead,故选以lead作主语的(C).

 

16. The culinary expert Fannie Farmer taught dietetics, kitchen management, and to cook at her famous Boston school.

 

答案:C

测试点词形并列结构。

分析连词and要求它所连接的部分同词性、同形式。and一边为名词dieteticsmanagement另一边也要用动名词cooking不能用动词不定式to cook

 

17. The elephant relies more on its sense of smell than for any other sense.

 

答案:B

测试点并列结构.

分析morethan结构要求前后比较的两部分同词性、同形式(B)应为介词on与比较的第一部分on its sense of smell并列.

 

18. A few naturally elements exist in such small amounts that they are known mainly from laboratory-made samples.

 

答案:A

测试点词性.

分析naturally是副词而修饰名词elements应用形容词natural.

解题要点看到划线的以-ly结尾的副词时应注意其是否错用是否应用形容词.

 

19. Some insects hear ultrasonic sounds more than two octaves than higher humans can.

 

答案:D

测试点词序。

分析than应接在形容词或副词比较级的后面而不能放在它前面。应为higher than

 

20. To stay warm in cold weather, cold-blooded animals must expose itself to a source of warmth such as direct sunlight.

 

答案:B

测试点代词数的一致.

分析代词在人称和数上应与其所指代的名词一致此处代词指代的animals为复数代词也要用复数的themselves.

 

21. A severe illness where she was just nineteen months old deprived Helen Keller of both her sight and hearing.

 

答案:A

测试点从句连接词.

分析关系副词where表示地点而此处从句说明的是时间应当用表示时间的when.

 

22. Like all ecological systems, a forest is made up of a living environment and a nonliving environment, the latter composed of air, rocks, soiled, and water.

 

答案:D

测试点词性并列结构。

分析and要求所连接的部分同词性、同形式。soiled应为名词形式soil用以与其前后的air rockswater并列.

 

23. The purposeful of the elementary school is to introduce children to the skills, information, and attitudes necessary for a smooth adjustment to society.

 

答案:A

测试点词性.

分析句子主语应为名词性质purposeful是形容词应为名词purpose.

解题要点看到划线的词位置在theof之间应想到要用名词形式.

 

24. Notorious as a host for wheat rust, the barberry bush has been banned from many area.

答案:D 测试点:名词的数.

分析area为单数many后应接复数名词应为areas.

 

 

25. Christopher Plummer is a Canadian actor who has starred in stage, television, and film productions on both sides the Atlantic Ocean.

 

答案:D

测试点习语。

分析On both sides of是固定短语此处漏了介词of

 

26. A microphone enables a soft tone to be amplified, thus making it possible the gentle renditions of romantic love songs in a large hall.

 

答案:C

测试点多词形式宾语.

分析it看似形式宾语但后文并无tothat的真正宾语部分it为多余make+宾语十形容词名词是固定搭配此句宾语过长故放在形容词后面.

解题要点应区别两个相似但截然不同的句子结构

(1)make it(possible)to do(形式宾语)

(2)make (possible) +宾语(冗长的宾语通常放在后面)

 

27. Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as a limb.

 

答案:C

测试点并列结构数的一致。

分析连词or要求它所连接的部分同词性、同形式。此处or所连接的其他成份如cellorgan均为单数名词tissues也应为单数的tissue这三个共同一个冠词a.

 

28. The poetry of e.e. cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend grammatical rules as they strive to expression their insights.

 

答案:D

测试点词性/习语.

分析Strive to do sth是固定短语strive如后接动词expression是名词应为express.

解题要点看到划线的为-ion-tion结尾的名词而其前面紧接to应考虑这个词是否错用是否应为动词.

 

29. In the wild, tea plants become trees of approximately thirty feet in high.  

答案:D

测试点词性。

分析high是形容词而介词in后应接名词性成份。应为height

 

30. Accounting is described as art of classifying, recording, and reporting significant financial events.

 

答案:A

测试点冠词.

分析名词art前应有冠词应为as an art.

 

31. The development of the watch depended upon the invent of the mainspring.

 

答案:C

测试点词性.

分析invent是动词而冠词the后应为名词应为invention.

解题要点看到theof的结构应注意其中间划线的词应为名词.

 

32. The ordeal of the Cherokee Indians, who were forcible moved from their homeland in the 1830’s, is remembered as the “Trail of Tears.”

答案:B

测试点词性.

分析forcible是形容词但修饰谓语动词moved应用副词应为forcibly.

 

33. Physical fitness activities can lead to an alarming variety of injuries if participants push themselves greatly hard.

 

答案:D

测试点近义词。

分析greatly只能修饰动词不能修饰单一普通副词或形容词。此处应用very

 

34. The structure or behavior of many protozoans are amazingly complex for single-celled animals.

 

答案:A

测试点连词主谓数的一致.

分析系动词为are说明主语应为复数structurebehavior是两个单数名词or连接仍是单数的意义应用and使其成为复数.

 

35. Alaska’s rough climate and terrain divide the state into isolated regions and the difficult of highway maintenance is a troublesome problem.

 

答案:C

测试点词性.

分析冠词the后应接名词difficult是形容词应用difficulty解题要点看到theof的结构应注意其中间划线的应为名词.

 

36. For hundreds of years, sailors relied on echoes to warn them of another ships, icebergs, or cliffs in foggy weather.

 

答案:C

测试点otheranother的用法。

分析another后接单数名词ships为复数应当用other

解题要点这是TOEFL改错题中常考题型应注意划线的otheranother是否用错.

 

37. Although he is employed in the scientific and technical fields, the metric system is not generally utilized in the United States.

 

答案:A

测试点代词.

分析此处代词指代的是the metric system,是物而不是人he应为it.

 

38. Prototypical oboes did a loud, harsh tone, but the modern oboe is appreciated for its smooth and beautiful tone.

 

答案:A

测试点近义词.

分析To makehave atone是固定的搭配did应为hadmade.

解题要点动词domake混淆错用是TOEFL改错题中常考题型应注意划线的dodoesdid.

 

39. Beneath the deep oceans that cover two-thirds of the Earth, tantalizing secret of the planet are concealed.

 

答案:C

测试点主谓数的一致。

分析系动词为复数的are说明主语也应是复数的。应为secrets

 

40. The pioneer John Chapman received the nickname “Johnny Appleseed” because he planted apple seedlings during him travels in what are now Ohio, Indiana, and Elinois.

 

答案:C

测试点代词.

分析修饰名词travels应用形容词性的代词his不能用him.

 

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