Prediksi soal TOEFL bagian Structure tahun 2022 (Part 13) + Kunci Jawaban


1. --- principal types of acceleration: linear and angular.

(A) There are tow

(B) Two of them

(C) The two

(D) Two

 

答案:A

测试点:there be句型.

分析:空格后只剩下名词性的成份,应在答案中选择主谓结构或there+be结构,即(A).

 

2. East Liverpool, Ohio, ---the pottery capital of the United States.

(A) and called

(B) is called

(C) calling

(D) to call

 

答案:B

测试点;谓语。

分析:本句有主语而缺谓语,应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词,即(B)(A)多了连词and(C)(D)均是非谓语形式,不可作谓语.

 

3. True hibernation takes place only among ---animals.

(A) whose blood is warm

(B) blood warm

(C) warm-blooded

(D) they have warm blood

 

答案:C

测试点:定语.

分析:本句主谓宾俱全,animals前缺定语,应在答案中选择形容词性的成份,4个答案中只有(C)是形容词.

解题要点:分词的作用相当于形容词.

 

4. Like other women ---in the field of medicine, Sara Mayo found the beginning years difficult.

(A) who they pioneered

(B) they pioneered

(C) who pioneered

(D) pioneered

 

答案:C

测试点:定语从句/主谓结构.

分析:women后接定语从句,从句连接词,主、谓语均缺,应在答案中选择连接词兼主语牛动词的形式.即(C)(A)重复主语:(B)不是从句形式;(D)无主语。

 

5. In his writing, John Crowe Ransom describes what ---the spiritual barrenness of society brought about by science and technology.

(A) he considers

(B) does he consider

(C) considers

(D) considers it

 

答案:A

测试点:主谓结构/词序.

分析:动词describes后接what引导的宾语从句,从句主、谓语均缺,应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式,即(A)(B)是问句语序,而宾语从句应用正常语序;(C)(D)均无主语.

 

6. Green ---have the power to make food from substances found in the air and soil.

(A) only plants

(B) plants alone

(C) the only plants

(D) plants are alone

 

答案:B

测试点:词序.

分析:注意副词onlyalone的区别.alone应位于名词之后,如green plants aloneonly则应放在前面,即only green plants故选(B).

 

7. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined ---high levels of self-confidence.

(A) possess

(B) have possessed

(C) to possess

(D) possessing

 

答案:C

测试点;习语。

分析:Be inclined to do…是固定短语。

 

8. Writing pens are made in ---of shapes, sizes, and colors.

(A) endless variety an almost

(B) variety an almost endless

(C) an almost endless variety

(D) almost variety an endless

 

答案:C

测试点;习语/词序.

分析:a()variety of是固定短语,词序不可颠倒.另外应注意,一个名词前面可以有数个形容词修饰,但冠词aanthe须置于最前面.

 

9. Under the guidance of choreographers, Martha Graham and Jerome Robbins, American dance ---new levels of artistic achievement.

(A) reaching

(B) has reached

(C) reach

(D) have reached

 

答案:B

测试点:谓语/主谓数的一致.

分析:本句有主语而缺谓语,应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词.主语是第三人称单数的dance,故选(B)(A)是非谓语形式,不可单独作谓语;(C)(D)不可与第三人称单数的主语搭配。

 

10. Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found --- higher plants can survive.

(A) there

(B) wherever

(C) somewhere

(D) then

 

答案:B

测试点;从句连接词.

分析:found后为表示地点的从句,从句主、谓俱全,所缺为连接词.答案中只有(B)可作状语从句的连接词.(A)(C)(D)均为副词.

 

11. Magnesium has a specific gravity of 1.74, which means that --- 1.74 times as much as an equal volume of water.

(A) it is weighed

(B) weighing it

(C) its weight

(D) it weighs

 

答案:D

测试点:主谓结构.

分析:动词means后为that引导的宾语从句,从句主、谓语均缺,应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式,即(A)(D)weigh表示“重多少”时,为不及物动词,不用被动语态,故排除(A),选(D)

 

12. Perhaps the primary --- of adult education was industrialization, which accelerated the pace of socioeconomic change.

(A) causes growth

(B) cause of the growth

(C) cause was growing

(D) caused the growing

 

答案:B

测试点;主语.

分析:本句所缺为主语,应在答案中选择名词性的形式,即(B)(A)(C)(D)均含有动词.

解题要点:看到空格两边是theaof的结构,应在答案中选择名词或名词词组.

 

13. --- “as the census taker of the sky”Annie Jump Cannon contributed considerably to the field of astronomy.

(A) Known

(B) Knowing

(C) To know

(D) Knowledge

 

答案:A

测试点:分词/短语.

分析:Known as….是固定短语,不用其他形式.

 

14. During adolescence many young people begin to question --- held by their families.

(A) values

(B) of the values

(C) the values are

(D) are the values

 

答案:A

测试点:宾语.

分析:及物动词question后应接宾语,故应在答案中选择名词作其宾语,即(A)(B)多介词;(C)(D)多动词are(C)如改为the values thatwhich are,成为接定语从句的形式,亦可。

 

15. Coral reefs are --- that teem with an abundance of exotic sea life.

(A) when underwater landscapes

(B) landscapes being underwater

(C) underwater the landscapes

(D) underwater landscapes

 

答案:D

测试点;表语.

分析:系动词are后接表语,应在答案中选择形容词或名词性的成份作表语.答案中无形容词,只有(D)为名词词组,故选(D).

 

16. Abraham Lincoln delivery his most famous address at the dedication of the soldiers cemetery in Gettysburg.

 

答案:A

测试点:词性.

分析:delivery是名词,但此处需一动词作谓语.应为delivered.

 

17. Stalagmites are produced when water to drop directly to the floor of a cave.

 

答案:C

测试点:词形.

分析:to drop为不定式,不能作从句的谓语.应为drops.

 

18. Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally, state, and federal governments.

 

答案:D

测试点;并列结构/词性。

分析:and要求所连接的部分同词性、同形式。由and连接的statefederal均为形容词,故(D)locally应为local.解题要点;看到划线的以-1y结尾的副词,应注意其是否错用,是否应为形容词.

 

19. The poet Marianne Moore was initially associated with the imagist movement, but later develops her own rhyme patterns and verse forms.

 

答案:B

测试点:时态一致/并列结构.

分析:并列连词but相联的前后两个句子通常要求动词时态一致.故(B)应为一股过去时developed.

 

20. The most worst economic reversal of the twentieth century, the Great Depression of the 1930’s, began in the United states and spread abroad.

 

答案:A

测试点;最高级。

分析:worstbad的最高级形式,前面无需加most

解题要点;最高级形式重复.与比较级形式重复的题型性质相同.

 

21. Many narcotic plants and its products, such as nicotine, are effective in controlling insects.

 

答案:B

测试点:代词数的一致.

分析:代词的数应与其所代名词一致.此处its为单数,指代的却是复数的plants,故应为their.

解题要点:注意划线代词的数与其所代名词是否一致.

 

22. In some occupations, the computer has already replaced the motor vehicle as the principal conserve of time and laboring.

 

答案:D

测试点:井列结构。

分析:and要求两边连接的成份同词性、同性质.and前为名词timeand后也应用名词。应为labor

 

23. Farming becomes more expensive when farmers are forced to apply greater quantities of costly fertilizers for to sustain yields.

 

答案:C

测试点;多词.

分析:to sustain是动词不定式,前面不能加介词.for多余.

 

24. The metaphors we use routinely are the means which by we describe our everyday experiences.

 

答案:B

测试点:词序/介词+which结构.

分析:介词by应放在它的宾语前,不能接在宾语后,应为by which.

 

25. Scientists finding out that the universe is even larger and more complex than anyone has ever imagined.

 

答案:A

测试点:词形/谓语.

分析:动词的-ing形式属非谓语形式,不能单独作谓语.应为find.

 

26. Because their properties differ from those of their constituents, proper alloys can great increase the corrosion resistance of a metal.

 

答案:C

测试点:词性.

分析:great是形容词,但修饰动词increase要用副词.应为greatly.

 

27. The ability to retain a mental record of earlier experiences are referred to as “memory”.

 

答案:D

测试点;主谓数的一致。

分析:主语是单数的ability,助动词不能用复数的are。应为is.

解题要点;当名词主语后面带有较长的修饰成分时,应特别留意主语与谓语的数是否一致.

 

28. The aging process is not entirely determined by heredity, but is influenced by different environmental and social circumstances as good.

 

答案:D

测试点:习语/词性.

分析:andas well是固定短语,不用good.

 

29. The waterwheel is a mechanism designed to harness energy from a source instead than animals.

 

答案:D

测试点:习语.

分析:other than是固定短语,不用instead.

 

30. If they are prepared skillfully, soybeans they can be appetizing as well as nutritious.

 

答案:B

测式点:多词/主语.

分析:主语是soybeansthey多余.

 

31. Studies of either vision and physical optics began almost as early as civilization itself.

 

答案:A

测试点;eitheror…和bothaud…的用法。

分析:考题中这两个结构常见被错误搭配。后文是and而不是or,either应为both.

 

32. James Whitcomb Riley, the “Hoosier Poet,” wrote many of his work in standard English,but he wrote his most popular poems in the dialect of his home state, Indiana.

 

答案:A

测试点:manymuch的用法.

分析:考题中常见这两个词被相互错用.many修饰可数名词,后接名词的复数形式;much则修饰不可数名词,后接单数名词.句中work为不可数不能用many修饰,应用much.

 

33. The city of Green Bay, established in 1745, was the first permanent settler in Wisconsin.

 

答案:C

测试点:近义词.

分析:settler指人,意为“定居者”;而主语是city,表语应当用指地方的settlement.

 

34. Whichever they may differ widely in function, all cells have a surrounding membrane and an internal, water-rich substance called cytoplasm.

 

答案:A

测试点;词性。

分析:Whichever是代词,而此处修饰整个从句应用副词However,不能用代词。

 

35. Booker T. Washington, an educational leader, worked throughout the lifetime to improve economic conditions for Black people in the United States.

 

答案:C

测试点;代词.

分析:根据句意,(C)Lifetime- time特指主语Booker T.Washington 的一生,所以应用具有特指限定作用的代词his.

 

36. In the Middle Ages, books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits.

 

答案:B 测试点:词性/并列结构.

分析:连词or要求它所连接的成份同词性、同形式.or前为形容词realor后也应是形容词imaginary,不用动词imagine.

 

37. Pumps can operate under pressures ranging between a fraction of a pound to more than 10,000 pounds per square inch.

 

答案:C

测试点;介词/习语betweenand…和fromto…。

分析:这两个结构有时会被错误搭配。由于后文是to…,故此处不能用between,应当用from.

 

38. Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized in the United States are for foods and beverages.

 

答案:A

测试点:主谓数的一致/名词的数.

分析:系动词是复数的are,主语也应与其一致,应用复数的paychecks(package是可数名词,baggageluggage才是不可数的.

解题要点:有百分比概念的名词主语由其中的名词来决定其单复数,并决定其后面的谓语动词的单复数.

 

39. Whether as statesman, scientist, and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin was destined to gain lasting honor throughout much of the world.

 

答案:A

测试点:whetheror…的用法.

分析:这两个连词固定搭配使用.前有whether,此处不能用and,应用or.

 

40. A traditional Halloween decoration is a jack-o-lantern, which is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a scary face cut into them.

 

答案:D

测试点;代词数的一致.

分析:代词在数上应与其所代的名词一致.此处代词指代单数的pumpkin,不能用复数的them.应用it.

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