Prediksi soal TOEFL bagian Structure tahun 2022 (Part 19) + Kunci Jawaban

1. A fuel is a substance used --- light, heat, or energy.

(A) generating

(B) generates

(C) to generate

(D) it is generating

 

答案：C

测试点：不定式。

分析：根据句意，这里应选择动词不定式表示目的。

 

2. The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than ---.

(A) there are most other states

(B) most other state which have

(C) most other states have

(D) having most other states

 

答案：C

测试点：比较句式。

分析：more…than比较句要求相对比的两部分结构一致。前面为主语+has…，比较的后一部分亦应用相同的句式，即(C)。

 

3. Fruit is one of the most abundant, nutritious, and --- foods a person can eat.

(A) delicious

(B) too delicious

(C) is it delicious

(D) tastes delicious

 

答案：A

测试点：并列结构。

分析：and两边的成份应同词性、同性质。and前为形容词abundant和nutritious，and

后也应是形容词，即(A)。(B)(C)(D)均含多余成份。

 

4. Prescriptions for corrective lenses that are provided by an optometrist are often brought to an optician who --- the lenses.

(A) grinding

(B) grinds

(C) they grind

(D) are ground

 

答案：B

测试点：谓语。

分析：who引导的从句有主语而缺谓语。应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词形式，即(B)。(A)是非谓语动词的形式，不能作谓语。(c)重复主语，且主语错误；(D)用被动语态，与句意不符。

 

5. Loganberries can be used in jams --- their juice.

(A) and for

(B) while

(C) too

(D) in which

 

答案：A

测试点：连词／并列结构。

分析：谓语can be used后接两个作状语的介词短语：injams和for their juice，它们之间用连词and连接。and两边均是介词+名词的并列形式。(B)(D)均引导从句：(C)为副词，不能用于两个名词之间。解题要点：use是TOEFL常考动词，be used+不定式，或be used+介词短语为常见题型。

 

6. From her early teens ---.

(A) Blanche Willis Howard’s determination to be an author

(B) Was determined to be an author, Blanche Willis Howard

(C) Blanche Willis Howard was determined to be an author

(D) An author, Blanche Willis Howard was determined to be

 

答案：C

测试点：主谓结构。

分析：空格前只有时间状语，后面缺整个句子。应在答案中选择主语十谓语动词+…的完整句子形式，即(C)。(A)不是句子：(B)(D)用了不恰当的倒装句，而From…短语在句首时句子并不需要倒装。

 

7. Adhesive, such as glue, tape, and gum, vary with the purpose --- intended.

(A) they were for

(B) for they were

(C) which were they

(D) for which they were

 

答案：D

测试点：介词+which结构／词序。

分析：purpose后接定语从句，从句缺连接词、主语及谓语的一部分，应在答案中选择连接词+主语+助动词的形式：intend for是固定短语，句尾无for，则for应在连接词前，故选(D)。

 

8. Alaskan forests --- five or six miles inland from the Pacific coast.

(A) penetrate more rarely than

(B) more rarely than penetrate

(C) more penetrate than rarely

(D) rarely penetrate more than

 

答案：D

测试点：词序。

分析：根据句意，more than不是用于比较，而是修饰数词five or six，应紧接在数词前，且more than不能分开。副词rarely修饰动词penetrate，应与它接在一起(D)是正确语序。

 

9. The colors of a rainbow --- arranged in the same order.

(A) which are always

(B) and they are always

(C) always

(D) are always

 

答案：D

测试点：被动语态。

分析：本句有主语也有动词，但句意却不通，说明谓语部分不完整。当主语是物而不是人时，arrange常用被动形式。故选(D)。

 

10. ---, The Yearling, won a Pulitzer Prize.

(A) Marjorie Rawlings’ best work was

(B) Marjorie Rawlings’ best work

(C) Her best work was Marjorie Rawlings’

(D) That Marjorie Rawlings’ best work

 

答案：B

测试点：主语。

分析：本句有谓语而缺主语，两边用逗号隔开的部分为主语的同位语。应在答案中选择名词性的成份作主语，即(B)。(A)(C)均含动词，(D)含从句形式，与后文不符。

 

11. Jimmy Connors, well-known tennis champion, is supposed --- that he did not want to participate in all the tournaments once he had reached forty.

(A) has said

(B) he says

(C) saying

(D) to have said

 

答案：D

测试点：习语。

分析：Be supposed to…是固定短语。

 

12. The month is not a suitable unit of measure for determining the seasons --- the seasons are a solar, not a lunar phenomenon.

(A) in order that

(B) while

(C) since

(D) in view of

 

答案：C

测试点：从句连接词。

分析：空格前为主句，空格后应为从句。从句缺连接词，应在答案中选择可引导从句的连词。即(A)、(B)或(C)。(A)说明动作的目的；(B)表示对比关系，均与句意不合。只有(C)表示原因，与句意一致。

 

13. The human skeleton consists of more than two hundred bones --- together by tough and relatively inelastic connective tissues called ligaments.

(A) are bound

(B) to bind

(C) bind them

(D) bound

 

答案：D

测试点：分词作后置定语。

分析：空格前为完整的句子。所缺为定语或定语从句的一部分；答案中无从句形式，故选可作后置定语的过去分词(D)。

 

14. Not until about 20,000B. C. --- executed.

(A) were known of the oldest paintings

(B) the oldest of known paintings were

(C) the oldest known were paintings

(D) were the oldest known paintings

 

答案：D

测试点：倒装句。

分析：Not until--位于句首，句子要用倒装结构。应在答选择助动词+主语的形式，即(D)。 the oldest known+名词是固定短语。

解题要点。遇到Not until在句首的倒装句，在4个答案中先看以助动词或系动词开头的形式。

 

15. In 1727 Benjamin Franklin founded one of the first adult-education organizations --- the Junto.

(A) has been called

(B) which group called

(C) to call

(D) a group called

 

答案：D

测试点：同位语。

分析：逗号前为完整句子，逗号后应为从句，后置定语或同位语。答案中(A)(C) 三者都不是：(B)虽是从句形式但主语重复用未用被动语态：只有(D)可作同位语。

 

16. At the future, banks will be offering an increasingly broad spectrum of financial services.

 

答案：A

测试点：习语／介词。

分析：In the future是固定短语，不用At.

 

17. Considered one of America’s greatest playwrights, Eugene O’Neill win the Novel Prize for literature in 1936.

 

答案：C

测试点：主谓数的一致／时态。

分析：主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词不能用win。句中有时间状语in l936，可知本句谓语应用过去时，即won。

 

18. The density of a substance is calculus by dividing its mass by its volume.

 

答案：B

测试点：词性。

分析：calculus是名词，而此处应用动词词is构成被动语态。应为calculated。

 

19. The grouper is an ocean fish that lives in warm and temperate seas, most around rocky shores and coral reefs.

 

答案：C

测试点：近义词。

分析：most为副词时，意为“很，十分”；而此处表示“主要地”，应用mostly。

 

20. In the 1950’s, aircraft were developed that flew high they could hardly be seen from the ground.

 

答案：A

测试点：从句连接词。

分析：两个句子相联，中间必须有连接词。根据句意，应改为flew so high that。

 

21. Paper is strong under tension instead crumples easily under the stress of compression.

 

答案：C

测试点；连词。

分析：instead是副词，而此处连接两个谓语部分应当用连词。应为but。

 

22. Tariffs are the taxes or customs duties levied against goods that are import from another country.

 

答案：C

测试点：词形／被动语态。

分析：import是动词原形，而此处应用过去分词与are构成被动语态。应为imported。

 

23. Each person in the United States consumes an average of 560 pounds of dairy productivity every year.

 

答案：D

测试点：近义词。

分析：productivity意为“生产力：生产率”，而此处应当用表示“产品”的products。

 

24. The vascular system consist of the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and lymphatics.

 

答案：B

测试点：主谓数的一致。

分析：主语是第三人称单数的system，谓语动词不能用原形consist，应为consists。

 

25. The Hopi community of Oraibi in northeastern Arizona is one of the oldest, not if the oldest, continuously occupied settlements north of Mexico.

 

答案：A

测试点：习语／词序。

分析：not if后接从句，意为“如果…，就不…”。后接词或词组、表示“即使不…”，应当用if not。

 

26. When a corporation needs to raise large amounts of capital, common stock can be issued and sell in part to outside investors.

 

答案：C

测试点：并列结构伺形。

分析：and两边所连接的成份应同词性、同形式。and前为过去分词issued，and后不能用动词原形sell，应为sold。

 

27. The development of stratus clouds is extremely common over the cold seawater away the northwestern United States coast.

 

答案：D

测试点：介词。

分析：away是副词，而此处需要介词连接两个名词词组。应为along。

 

28. Contemporary management practice have been influenced by investigations in the behavioral sciences.

 

答案：A

测试点：主谓数的一致。

分析：主语是第三人称单数的practice，助动词不能用have。应为has been。

 

29. The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of Alaska and a territory of the Canada.

 

答案：D

测试点：冠词。

分析：国名Canada为专有名词，前面不能加冠词。the多余。亦可由并列结构看出此处错误：and前为a region of Alaska，Alaska前无冠词：and后应为同样结构。

 

30. Although the United States experienced rapidly growth in the first half of the nineteenth century, it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry.

 

答案：A

测试点：词性。

分析：rapidly为副词，而修饰名词growth应用形容词。应为rapid。

解题要点：见到划线的以-ly结尾的副词，应注意其是否错用，是否应为形容词。

 

31. Porgy and Bess by George Gershwin has called the first truly successful North American opera.

 

答案：B

测试点：被动语态。

分析：根据句意，此处应用被动语态，即has been called。

 

32. Over the past two decades, the popularity of the bicycle as a mean of transportation and recreation has increased tremendously in the United States.

 

答案：B

分析：(B)测试点：近义词／习语。表示“方法，手段，工具”的名词是以一s结尾的means。不用mean。A means of是固定搭配，也是TOEFL常考习语之一。

 

33. Having resided in New Mexico for many years, painter Georgia O’Keefe employs such as Southwestern motifs as bleached bones, rolling hills, and desert blooms.

 

答案：C

测试点：such as…与such…as的用法。

分析：是两个不同的短语，有时会被故意混淆。此句后文有as，可知应是such…as用法，此处的as多余。

 

34. Louisa My Alcott’s most famous novels, Little Women and one of the sequels, Little Men are considered classics for childrens.

 

答案：D

测试点：名词的数。

分析：考题中有时会出现名词变复数的不规则形式问题。children本身是child的复数，不能再加s。

 

35. Weaving was a function household in the first settlements in colonial America.

 

答案：B

测试点：词序。

分析：单个的形容词修饰名词时应放在名词前，不应后置。应为house hold function。

 

36. Fascination by the promise of the internal combustion engine and its application to a self-propelled vehicle, Henry Ford constructed a one-cylinder gasoline motor in1892.

 

答案：A

测试点：词性。

分析：Fascination是名词，而此处应用动词的过去分词形式，与后面的by…组成分词短语。应为Fascinated。

解题要点：(1)见到划线的-tlon结尾的名词，应注意其是否错用，是否应为动词。

(2)划线的词后紧接介词by，应注意此划线词是否应为过去分词。

 

37. Marble has long been highly valued for its beautiful, strength, and resistance to fire and erosion.

 

答案：C

测试点：并列结构/词性。

分析：and所连接的成份应同词性、同性质。and连接的strength和resistance都是名词，而beautiful却是形容词。应为beauty。

 

38. A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the legendary Loch Ness Monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked.

 

答案：D

测试点：并列结构。

分析：连词or与and一样，要求所连接的成分同词性、同性质。or前边是名词mistakes和misconceptions，后面也应是名词，不能是句子。应为tricks。

 

39. For convenience it is common to speak of plants as “herbs,” “shrubs,” and “trees,” but it is really no sharp distinctions among them.

 

答案：C

测试点：there be句型。

分析：此处“不代指句中任何成份，而且也不是形式主语，因后文并无真正的主语部分。it应为there。

 

40. The labor movement developed differently in the United States from the way did it in other countries.

 

答案：C

测试点：词序。

分析：did it是倒装句的形式，但此处无需用倒装。应为it did。