1. --- that as both birds and mammals become larger, their metabolic rates er unit of tissue decrease, and they generally live longer.
(A)
The truth
(B)
If true
(C)
It is true
(D)
To be true
答案：C
测试点：复合句／形式主语。
分析：空格后只剩下that从句，缺主句，应在答案中选择完整的句子，即(C)。
2.
Asteroids are small and therefore very difficult to identify, even when --- to
Earth.
(A)
quite closely
(B)
are being quite close
(C)
are they quite closely
(D)
they are quite close
答案：D
测试点：习语／主谓结构。分析：close to是固定短语，不用closely。(B)和(D)都是以close结束的，但when引导的从句中主谓均缺，故选主语+动词+…的(D)。另外，若无主语的(B)连动词一并省略，(when)quite
close(to…)也是正确的。
3. A
number of modern sculptors have rejected --- of minimal and environmental art
and developed a style of extreme realism.
(A)
which abstract qualities
(B)
there are abstract qualities
(C)
the abstract qualities
(D)
the qualities are abstract
答案：C
测试点：宾语。
分析：动词have rejected缺宾语，应在答案中选择名词或名词词组作其宾语，即(C)。
4.
--- tributaries of the Mississippi River system were navigated by steamboats
during the period before the outbreak of the Civil War.
(A)
More than forty
(B)
More than forty were
(C)
Forty more than
(D)
There were more than forty
答案：A
测试点：定语／词序。
分析：空格后的句子主、谓语俱全，所缺为主语的定语。应在答案中选择可作定语的数词，即(A)或(C)。more
than+数词是固定短语，故选(A)。(B)(D)均有动词。
5.
Mary Eliza McDowell’s introduction to social service came ---, when she
assisted victims of the great Chicago Fire of 1871.
(A)
was sixteen years old
(B)
had sixteen years
(C)
at age sixteen
(D)
sixteen
答案：C
测试点：习语。
分析：at(age)+数词是固定短语，故选(C)。(A)如前面加上when she,变为从句，亦可。
6.
Young herons are helpless for a few weeks --- they learn to fly.
(A)
how
(B)
before
(C)
despite
(D)
since
答案：B
测试点：从句连接词。
分析：空格前为完整的全句，空格后为其状语主句，所缺为从句连接词。答案中(B)(D)可引导状语从句，但(D)since用于完成时，与句意不符，故选(B)。(A)how与句意不符：(C)是介词，不能连接从句。
7.
The history of painting is a fascinating chain of events that probably began
with ---.
(A)
ever made the very first pictures
(B)
the ever made very first pictures
(C)
the very first ever made pictures
(D)
the very first pictures ever made
答案：D
测试点：词序。
分析：当名词由数个形容词修饰时，应注意这些修饰词的前后顺序。通常数词(the very)放 在最前面，而分词短语(ever
made)则放在中心词后面作后置定语。
8.
The center of gravity of the human body --- behind the hip joint.
(A)
locates
(B)
locating
(C)
to locate
(D)
is located
答案：D
测试点：习语。
分析：be located十地点是固定短语，故选(D)。解题要点：locate的用法为TOEFL常考。
9.
The leaves and stems of the alfalfa plant are the only parts of the plant ---.
(A)
the uses for livestock fees
(B)
for using livestock feed
(C)
used for livestock feed
(D)
they are used for livestock feed
答案：C
测试点：分词短词作后置定语。
分析：the only parts后缺定语，应在答案中选择可做后置定语的从句或分词短语。答案中无从句，只有(C)是过去分词短语，故选(C)。(D)中代词如改为which亦是正确的。
10.
--- choose to live in or near metropolitan areas simply because they like the
rapid pace of city life.
(A)
So large numbers of people to
(B)
There are large numbers of people
(C)
Large numbers of people
(D)
Large numbers of people who
答案：C
测试点：主语。
分析：空格后choose为谓语动词，所缺为主语。应在答案中选择名词或名词词组作主语。即(C)。
11.
--- to space travelers is high acceleration or deceleration forces.
(A)
Danger can be
(B)
They can be dangerous
(C)
What can be dangerous
(D)
While danger
答案：C
测试点：主语从句。
分析：本句有系动词is而缺主语。应在答案中选择名词性的形式。(C)是名词性从句。
12.
Organic chemistry has made many new products---.
(A)
possible
(B)
as possible
(C)
are possible
(D)
they are possible
答案：A
测试点：习语。
分析：make sth．possible是TOEFL常考固定短语。
13.
Perfectly matched pearls, strung into a necklace, --- a far higher price than
the same pearls sold individually.
(A)
in order to bring
(B)
their bringing
(C)
bringing
(D)
bring
答案：D
测试点：谓语。
分析：本句有主语而缺谓语，应在答案中选择可作谓语的动词形式，即(D)。
14.
Some metropolitan newspapers would make sizable volumes --- in book form.
(A)
than the print
(B)
print them
(C)
if printed
(D)
they are printed
答案：C
分析：空格前为完整的句子，空格处缺辅助成分。句中无比较级，故先排除(A)。(B)是动宾结构，无法与主句连接，(D)中无从句引导词．故(B)、(D)也可排除。正确答案(C)为省略状语从句，可理解成if
they are printed，从句主语和谓语助动词同时被省略。
15.
Pennsylvania ranks high among the states population --- many areas are sparsely
settled.
(A)
and yet
(B)
so even
(C)
if not
(D)
except for
答案：A
分析：空格前后都是句子，空格处缺从句引导问或并列连词，由此排除副词(B)和复合介词(D)。(C)一般表示让步关系，后面不能接句子，如果接句子则not应出现在从句中，故(C)也可排除。(A)为并列连词引导并列句表转折，故选(A)。
16. Since the beginning of this century,
the United States government has played an role in the supervision
and use of the nation’s natural resources.
答案：A
分析：应改为a role。role发音以辅音开头，不定冠词只能用a。
17. Between 1906 and 1917,
political activist Emma Goldma devoted most of her efforts to
writing, traveling and lectured.
答案：D
分析：应改为lecturing。由信号词and可知(D)应该与前面的动名词保持一致。
18. Height, powerful and speed
are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players.
答案：A
分析：应改为power。powerful为形容词，不能与前后的名词并列，故改为名词power。
19. Many of society’s wealth is controlled
by large corporations and government agencies.
答案：A
分析：应改为Much。wealth为不可数名词，不能用many修饰，
20. Pieces of eighteenth-century
porcelain they are frequently dug up in excavations at williamsburg
Virginia.
答案：B
测试点：多词
分析：应改为are。they为多余主语，应去掉。
21. A major purpose of scientific
analysis is to identify and examine causal connections between
independent and dependence variables.
答案：D
分析：应改为dependent。dependence为名词，不能与形容词in--dependent并列，故改为形容词dependent。
22. Vaccines for some rare
diseases are given only to persons which risk exposure to the disease.
答案：B
分析：应改为who。which在定语从句中指物，指人要用who。
23. Recause it is a healthful way
to exercise aerobic dancing is considered an excellent method for
release tension.
答案：D
分析：应改为releasing或there lease of. release既可作动词．也可作名词。在本题中如果作动词，则不可作for的宾语，如果作名词，则与后面的名词连接不上，故改为非谓语动词形式或名词短语。
24. Doppler radar can be used to
determine the direction which in the particles of a cloud
are moving.
答案：B
分析：应改为in which：介词应该放在关系代词which之前引导定语从句。
25. Applied research aims at some
specific objective, such as the development of a new produce,
process, or material.
答案：C
分析：应改为product。produce一般作动词，作名词时意为“农产品(总称)”，显然不合题意，故改为可数名词product。
26. Most of the food what elephants
eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks.
答案：B
分析：应改为that或which。what为复合关系代词，本身含先行词，不能引导定语从句，而题中已有先行词，显然不能用what，故改为引导定语从句的关系代词that或which。
27. The highly respect
zoologist Ernest Just joined the ruling board of the Marine
Biological Laboratory in the 1930’s.
答案：B
分析：应改为respected。respect为谓语动岗，不能修饰名词，根据属意改为过去分词respected。
28. Clementine Hunter’s primitive
paintings have been exhibited at various galleries, included
one at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.
答案：D
分析：应改为including。included为过去分词，含有被动意义，后面不能接宾语one，故改为现在分词形式。
29. Alike a chicken, the grouse
has four toes, with the hind one raised above the ground.
答案：A
分析：应改为Like。alike为表语形容词．不能接名词作宾浯，故改为介词like。
30. Membership in labor unions in
the United States reached its peak of 17 millions members
in 1960.
答案：D
分析：应改为million。million在句中作形容问，不能用复数形式。
31. The newer kinds of seeds
produce corn it has much greater food value than older
kinds.
答案：B
分析：应改为which。(B)之前为主句，从(B)开始为定语从句，故改代词it为引导定语从句的关系代词which。
32. In meteorology, either the
formation of clouds and the precipitation of dew, rain, and snow are known
as condensation.
答案：A
分析：应改为both。从没有划线的信号词and可知句中用的是both…and结构，井非either…or结构。
33. Varieties of yellow grapes that
have tender skin, rich flavor and high sugar content are
especially suited with making raisins.
答案：D
分析：应改为suited for或suitable for。suited to／for…，意为“适合…”，而suited
with+n．则表示“相称、相当”，根据题意改为suited for或suitable for。
34. Despite resistance in some parts
of Canada, the conversion to metric measurement have been said to
be largely successful.
答案：C
分析：错，应改为has
been said。主语conversion为抽象名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。
35. The most safest way to watch
a solar eclipse is for one to look at it in a mirror while
wearing dark glasses.
答案：A
分析：应改为safest。safest已经是最高级．不需要再加表示最高级的most。
36. Chied Joseph La Flesche, a vigorous
Omaha leader, worked hardly to make his nation a proud and
progressive one.
答案：B
分析：应改为hard。hardly为否定副词，意为“几乎不”，表示“努力”要用副词hard。
37. The diamond is the only gemstone
composed with just one chemical element, carbon.
答案：C
分析：应改为composed
of。be composed of为惯用法。
38. In 1941 Orson Welles produced
Citizen Kane a film noted for its technical brilliant, structural
complexity, and Literate treatment of a controversial
biographical subject.
答案：B
分析：应改为brilliance。brilliant为形容词，不能作介词宾语，故改为名词brilliance。
39. Wildlife conservationists say the
cover that foliage provides for animals is equal in importance to
the food supplying.
答案：D
分析：应改为supplied。supply为及物动词，现在分词supplying后面应该有宾语，没有宾语说明是表被动，故改为过去分词sup-plied。
40. The Leyden jar was one of the
earliest form of condensers invented to store an electrical charge.
答案：B
分析：应改为forms。one of后面要接复数名词。
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